Understanding the World through Data
- Summary
- A numerical, graphical, or verbal description of an aspect of data that is on hand.
Example: Using data from the Stat 20 class survey, the proportion of respondents to the survey who reported having no experience writing computer code is 70%.
- Generalization
- A numerical, graphical, or verbal description of a broader set of units than those on which data was been recorded.
Example: Using data from the Stat 20 class survey, the proportion of Berkeley students who have no experience writing computer code is 70%.
- Causal Claim
- A claim that changing the value of one variable will influence the value of another variable.
Example: Data from a randomized controlled experiment shows that taking a new antibiotic eliminates more than 99% of bacterial infections.
- Prediction
- A guess about the value of an unknown variable, based on other known variables.
Example: Based on reading the news and the price of Uber’s stock today, I predict that Uber’s stock price will go up 1.2% tomorrow.